Children Coping With Stress :: essays research papers

CHILDREN COPING WITH STRESSWhile some stress is normal and even healthy, children today seem to encounter many stressful flavor events at earlier ages. Stress shows itself in children by complaints about stomachaches, being nervous, trouble sleeping, anger fl ars, and infections. There atomic number 18 a variety of reasons for children to feel stress. Death, divorce, remarriage, moving, farsighted illness, abuse, family or community violence, natural disaster, precaution of failure, and cultural conflict whitethorn each heighten stress. Under stress, the heart rate and breathing are at a higher speed and muscles are tense. Multiple stressors worsen the stress level and the length of the stress. Our bodies need relief from stress to reestablish balance. Reactions to stress motley with the childs stage of development, ability to cope, the length of time the stressor continues, intensity of the stressor, and the degree of support from family, friends, and community. The two most f requent indicators that children are stressed are change in behaviors and regression of behaviors. Children under stress change their behavior and react by doing things that are not in keeping with their usual style. Behaviors seen in earlier phases of development, such as thumb sucking and regression in toileting, may reappear. Typically, preschoolers lack self-control, have no sense of time, act independently, are curious, may wet the bed, have changes in eating habits, have difficulty with sleep or speech, and cannot tell adults how they are feeling. Preschoolers under stress each react differently. slightly behaviors may include irritability, anxiety, uncontrollable crying, trembling with fright, eating or sleep problems. Toddlers may regress to infant behaviors, feel angry and not understand their feelings, fear being alone or without their parent, withdraw, bite, or be sensitive to sudden or loud noises. Feelings of sadness or anger may build inwardly of them. They may becom e aggressive or angry, have nightmares, or be accident prone. Just as childrens reactions are each different, so are their coping strategies. Children can cope through tears or tantrums or by retreating from unpleasant situations.

Driving Test Essay -- essays research papers

I woke up at eight in the morning, being that it was May and spring was in the childs play I knew that my day would be perfect. As I leaped out of my warm and comfortable bed to put on my Bullwinkle slippers, my stomach nerves began to tighten. I forecast it was just a small bellyache and I would get over it soon. I walked slowly to the bathroom not really realizing that the house was not fill with sunshine as it usually is during these beautiful spring days. As I began to brush my teeth my eyes caught a glimpse of the window that I at present noticed was so close to the mirror. I could have died when I noticed that the rain was coming down like a storm. It was at that moment that I ran to mothers room to tell her that I couldnt go driving today. My satisfying body was tense, I knew this was a sign for me to stay home, I was s railroad cared and would never be able to drive in the horrible storm. I dont know how, notwithstanding she convinced me to just try, Its just a driving test, is what she continued to repeat, if you fail, your not ready. I knew she wanted me to fail anyway.As she drove into the driveway that seemed to be the size of a football game field, my stomach nerves began to tighten once again. There were a few cars in front of us forming a line, and three cars pulled up behind us as soon as the car stopped. I sat in the passengers seat watching a car on the tangled trail, looking as if it was going patronage and forth on the course. It seemed as everything that was happening at that moment was irritating me, the tapping of the rain on the car, the windshield wipers swishing back and forth on the windshield and the whining of the saxophone that was playing along with the jazz song on the radio. I knew that my patience was being tested that day and I was sure I would fail. For the next ten minutes I watched as the instructors, that looked as if someone dropped a bucket of water on them even with the lily-livered raincoats, left one car tha t was on the course to get into another car that was on the line. The cars seemed to move quickly and it seemed as if my turn was coming to quick. It was at that moment that I felt like I wanted to cry, the wet figure in the yellow raincoat was approaching our car. I wanted to crab for my mother to turn around but I was stuck in the moment I didnt know what to do. My mother called me and it reminded me of summer nights when she would call me to come in ... ...ualities as he kindly explained that I should relax and adjust my car seat to make me more comfortable. He stressed to me to take my time as I was preparing to drive so I wouldnt be uptight. He then handed me the piece of paper, the same one he scribbled on the whole time I was driving, and told me to make an appointment to take the test over again. I then watched as the medium framed man got out of the car and walked to the next car on line. When my mother returned to the car, yes I cried, but she made me feel better by prom ising ice cream and saying that I would definitely pass the next time. On the drive home we blamed everything for the failure, the weather, my nerves, the test trail and even her insistence. I thought that my life was over without a drivers license. I started at that moment to strategize and decide how I would take the test next time. I would be much calmer whether the sun was glare in the eighty-five degree weather or the snow was coming down in minus twenty. I knew that I wasnt ready a, but I figured it still wasnt a waste of time because I was able to take the valuable advice that the instructor gave me that day and even impart it to my next test.

Precision Guided Munitions :: Weapons Guns Gun Essays Reseach Papers

Precision Guided Munitions During the Persian Gulf contend of 1991 a new class of weapons made its debut and presaged a revolution in military affairs. Although precision-guided munitions (PGMs), ranging from laser-guided betrays to Tomahawk cruise missiles, represented only a fraction of the total ordinance used in Iraq, the effect they had was electric. The television footage of a bomb dropped from more than 6 miles above descending onto its target and hitting with absolute precision was at once fascinating and jarring. The Gulf War demonstrated the military unit that precision aerial attacks possessed. The accuracy and lethality of air launched munitions during the Gulf war was in sharp contrast to the relative crudity of aerial bombing during World War II. In Iraq and later in Kosovo, precision-guided munitions (PGM) demonstrated their capabilities. The US waged a type of warfare in these campaigns that was markedly different from World War II, Korea, a nd Vietnam. The US is placid coming to grips with the implications of the new type of warfare it has released. The development of accurate precision-guided munitions was not revolutionary, but an evolutionary process that took the course of half a century. Today close precision-guided munitions can be classified by their guidance or propulsion systems. Precision-guided munitions affect the military in three areas. First precision-guided munitions aim challenged time-honored traditions of mass. Second, precision-guided munitions have unique information needs. Finally, the capabilities of precision-guided munitions have significant implications on acquisitions policy. Regard little of whether or not precision-guided munitions are part of a larger revolution in military, the implications of precision-guided munitions for the US military are significant. Historical Evolution of AccuracyEver since man first threw stones at their fellow men, the elusive goal of killing ones opponent fr om a distance, with absolute precision has been a holy grail of warfare. Weapons such as bows and arrows, rifles, and artillery, were all designed for increased lethality at longer distances, with less risk to the operator. PGMs provide just that capability that is the capability to put ordinance on target with precision at long ranges. Precision has always play a role in warfare. Whether it was marksmanship with bow or rifle, the ability to place a projectile on target contributed greatly to victory. PGMs were designed with just that share in mind.

What is Economics? Essay -- Defining Economics

Many people think that stintings is about money. Well, to roughly extent this is true. Economics has a lot to do with money with how ofttimes money people are paid how much they spend what it costs to misdirect various items how much money firms earn how much money there is in total in the economy. But despite the large number of areas in which our lives are concerned with money, economics is more than just the study of money. It is concerned withThe production of goods and services how much the economy produces what particular combination of goods and services how much each firm produces what techniques of production they use how many people they employ.The consumption of goods and services how much the population as a whole spends (and how much it saves) what the sit of consumption is in the economy how much people buy of particular items what particular individuals choose to buy how peoples consumption is affected by prices, advertising, fashion and other factors. In 1932 Professor Lionel Robbins defined economics as the science, which studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends and scarce pith which have alternative uses. Economics is simply the study of how society decides what, how and for whom to produce. In answering the questions what, how and for whom to produce, economics explains how scarce resources are allocated between competing claims on their use. The central economic problem is the problem of scarcity....

Evolution vs Intelligent Design Essay -- Evolution and Philosophy, 201

The suggested separation between church and state in contemporary America is not what the framers of our constitution and our country had in headland as they wrote the words Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the salvage exercise thereof. After deconstructing the words, the most insignificant adjective an, tells us that the framers wanted to restrain Congress from installing any one religion as the official religion of the state. Those immortal words say nothing rough religion informing congress or society on policy, education, or progress. I maintain that the first amendments establishment clause regarding religion was to encourage citizens free exercise of religion from state interests and not to protect state interests from religion. So while the idea of separation between church and state is aged, it is excessively radically inaccurate and a misinterpretation of the first amendment. In fact the assumed existence and enactm ent of such a radical ideal has caused a violation of the ninth amendment as well which states, The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. I ascertain that restriction in education against material because of its source, intelligent designs (ID) link to creationism in this case, is a violation of the first amendments free speech clause and further misinterpretation of the first amendment to exclude material because of its arguably religious source is a violation of the ninth amendment. For these reasons in this archive I am going to assess popular evolutionary theory versus the ID argument to expose both as religious worldviews that should be taught not in science class but... ...es. Reprint of sixth edition PF Collier, newfound York, 1900Appleman, Philip. Darwin. Norton & Company, New York, 2001Segers, Mary and Ted Jelen. A Wall of Separation? Rowman & Littlefield, Maryland, 1998Miller, Ken neth. Findings Darwins God. Cliff Street Books, New York, 1999ACLU Website. American Civil Liberties Union. Web 25 Apr. 2015. http//www.aclu.org/ReligiousLiberty/ReligiousLibertyMain.cfm http//www.aclu.org/ReligiousLiberty/ReligiousLiberty.cfm?ID=18587&c=38Unofficial Arizona State University Website. Arizona State University Student Affairs. Web 25 Apr. 2015. http//www.sundevilweb.com/ poll.aspx?poll=2Wikipedia Website. Wikipedia On-line Encyclopedia. Web 25 Apr. 2015. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhilosophyTalk Origins Website. Talk Origins Archive. Web 25 Apr. 2015. http//www.talkorigins.org/faqs/evolphil.html

Evolution vs Intelligent Design Essay -- Evolution and Philosophy, 201

The suggested separation between church and state in contemporary America is not what the framers of our constitution and our country had in mind as they wrote the words Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of godliness, or prohibiting the exculpate exercise thereof. After deconstructing the words, the most insignificant adjective an, tells us that the framers cherished to restrain Congress from installing any one religion as the official religion of the state. Those immortal words say nothing about religion informing congress or society on policy, education, or progress. I maintain that the first amendments establishment clause regarding religion was to protect citizens free exercise of religion from state interests and not to protect state interests from religion. So while the idea of separation between church and state is aged, it is also radically inaccurate and a misinterpretation of the first amendment. In fact the assumed existence and enactment of su ch a radical ideal has caused a invasion of the ninth amendment as well which states, The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. I examine that restriction in education against material because of its source, intelligent designs (ID) link to creationism in this case, is a violation of the first amendments free linguistic communication clause and further misinterpretation of the first amendment to exclude material because of its arguably religious source is a violation of the ninth amendment. For these reasons in this document I am going to assess popular evolutionary theory versus the ID argument to expose both as religious worldviews that should be taught not in erudition class but... ...es. Reprint of sixth edition PF Collier, New York, 1900Appleman, Philip. Darwin. Norton & Company, New York, 2001Segers, Mary and Ted Jelen. A Wall of Separation? Rowman & Littlefield, Maryland, 1998Mille r, Kenneth. Findings Darwins God. Cliff Street Books, New York, 1999ACLU Website. American Civil Liberties Union. Web 25 Apr. 2015. http//www.aclu.org/ReligiousLiberty/ReligiousLibertyMain.cfm http//www.aclu.org/ReligiousLiberty/ReligiousLiberty.cfm?ID=18587&c=38Unofficial Arizona State University Website. Arizona State University Student Affairs. Web 25 Apr. 2015. http//www.sundevilweb.com/poll.aspx?poll=2Wikipedia Website. Wikipedia On-line Encyclopedia. Web 25 Apr. 2015. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhilosophyTalk Origins Website. Talk Origins Archive. Web 25 Apr. 2015. http//www.talkorigins.org/faqs/evolphil.html

Summary and Synthesis with Steven Johnson

Harwood Eng 96Spring 13 Paper 3 Summary and Synthesis with Steven Johnson Your third High Stakes Writing Assignment comes in dickens parts. The first asks you to summarize and the second asks you to employ some of Johnsons concepts to collect data of your own. subprogram 1 Summary For this part, write a 1 to 2 page summary of Johnsons Television section, covering Multiple Threading and as much of Flashing Arrows and Social Networking as you are able. Focus mainly on his ideas, but be sure to give some indication of his evidence and how its presented. What shows does he use to support his ideas?How does he make his points? Your summary should induce with a paragraph about Johnsons thesis and then use paragraphs of ideas and supporting evidence from the book to round out the content you cover. Remember CABIN. Part II Synthesis Use Johnsons concepts of Multiple Threading and Social Networking (see p. 110-112) in tv to compare two similar shows of your own choosing (they must be dis junct by at least 20 years). Your main appellation for this part is to visually represent your research using charts similar to those Johnson uses on p. 0 and 112. publish two pages describing your findings and whether you 1. support (agree with) Johnsons idea that multiple threading and social networking are on the rise and that TV is therefore becoming more challenging and complex. OR 2. refute Johnsons claims based on findings different from those he sees in his analysis. 1 or 2 here should lead directly to your thesis, which youll support by looking at paragraphs about multiple threading and social network schemes.The writing portion of your synthesis should should answer the following question Having looked at several examples of television shows yourself, do you see the same heightened complexity and challenge that Johnson claims in todays television? For your synthesis, you will be graded on your charts and visual commission of your data as well as how you write it up. Im looking at whether you understand Johnsons methods and whether you can duplicate this analysis firearm critically watching TV yourself. Harwood Eng 96 Spring 2013Schedule of upcoming bodes What well work on in class Homework due in next class period (all reading s/b ACTIVE) 4/9 address Games section of EBIGFY Write (typed) summary of Games section of the book. This Round out games outline assignment will be graded.Length 0. 5 to 1 full page (not Model concept of Games Summary more). 4/11 lecture about TV primary(prenominal) Ideas What are the trends and Finish reading TV section in EBIGFY (Through 115) evidence? Choose your TV shows for Synthesis and scram watching them Use 30 gemstone example to look at strategy for Synthesis. Work on outline of TV section Talk about genres of shows and which fit together. 4/16 Talking about data analysis how to synthesize our own Write a Rough Draft of TV section summary (not less than one looks at what Johnson sees. ty ped page/max of 2See back side. Go over outline of TV section Have your two TV shows chosen and start watching them, collecting data. 4/18 Peer Review of TV Summaries Finish final draft of TV Summary. More talk about how to do charts and synthesis Finish charts for Johnson synthesis assignment to turn in. representation MT and SN Finish Reading Part I of EBIGFY (136) 4/23 Discuss Internet and Movies Write up Rough Draft for Synthesis (agree/disagree based on Ideas on synthesis conclusion how to write it up/ motive evidence) statement. 4/25 Peer Review of TV Synthesis Write Final Draft of Synthesis. Start discussion of Johnsons Part II. What is Smart? actively read Pt. 2 to 156 4/30 Turn in Final draft of Synthesis MORE to come

1984 Quote Journal Essay

On each landing, opposite the lift shaft, the poster with the enormous face gazed from the wall. It was one of those pictures which are so contrived that the eyes follow you to the highest degree when you move. Big Brother Is Watching You, the caption beneath it ran. (Orwell 5) This reference is an example of how effective and convincing The troupe keep make a simple poster. The troupe has put posters everywhere constantly reminding the Party subdivisions that they are being watched. Being watched played a major role in every Party members life in the book.Winston who was constantly scared of doing things, such as having a face of anxiety or not cheering with as ofttimes enthusiasm in the two minute hate. Everything that Winston did throughout the novel that he thought was not seen by the thought Police was seen by them. Winston even tried and true to make sure that his diary was not bothered with so he sprinkled some powder on the corner of the book. That powder was careful ly replaced as if it was the resembling as when it was first put there, by the Thought Police, that is how watchful and investigative the Thought Police is.The Thought Police are continuously spying on the Party members through the televisions, hidden microphones throughout Oceania, and spies of their own. The Party wants to keep an eye on their Party members to have control over them. They have no freedom. Winston cant even take a walk on a good day with out suspiciously being watched. Winston and Julia underestimate the power of the Party. Julia thinks that she has got the Party and Thought Police figured out. She believes that she can hide from the Thought Police. Yet when her and Winston think they have beaten the Party and were working and representing the real brotherhood.Though in the end they were the ones that were actually figured out, by the Thought Police. The Thought Police are actually watching, when least expected. The Party watches the people of Oceania as to contro l them. This quote basically shows that there is no freedom or privacy in Oceania. That people in Oceania live afraid to take a walk on a good day. All of this connects to the theme of the book. Orwell made the novel to show people what would happen in the future, or 1984, if the west turned into a dictatorship government. This quote shows one of the dangers of the government controlling everything.He discovered that while he sat helplessly musing he had also been penning, as though by automatic action. And it was no longer in the same cramped awkward handwriting as before. His pen had slid voluptuously over the smooth paper, notion in large neat capitals-DOWN WIH BIG chum salmon (Orwell 19) The quote is an occurrence of what happens to Winston when he dazes off while writing in his diary. Since Winston wrote this, there is obviously a part of him that hates Big Brother. Of course Winston is afraid of what he has written. Because the Thought Police can catch someone even because of their thoughts.Since the dairy itself was already a jeopardize now what he wrote was a risk. And even if he didnt write it just thinking about it was a risk. Why would he write this? The Winston that was writing this was his real conscious. His mind realizes that what the government does doesnt seem to be right. Like the constant watching. He notices that he had before been brainwashed to accept Big Brother. Though in the back of his mind he always knew that something wasnt right. And now his back thoughts have came forward by writing DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER.

Breaking a social norms

What Is your paper about? What will you say? Theory Discuss in detail the theoretical issues that are related to social averages in general and to the one you chose to break in particular. Where do social norms come from? What Is the social norm that you chose and how and wherefore did It evolve? How does your conduct break the social norm? Why is the social norm you broke a social norm? How might normative and Informational social Influence relate to obedience to this arm?Is it a descriptive or an injunctive norm (what are those and why)? What predictions did you have about how you would feel or how people would react? Tell everything you know about social norms and why It relates to the possibility. Make sure to address each of these questions at some point in your paper or you will lose Your experience Describe how your behavior breaks the social norm. What did you do? Describe the reactions of the people when you broke the social norm. Did they get angry?Did they give you weird looks? Did anyone say anything? Did different types of people react in different ways? Why did they react this way? Did they react how you predicted? You will also want to talk about how you felt. Did you feel embarrassed? Sick to your die hard? Liberated from society? Discuss any reactions or feelings in terms of the relevant theories and studies. It might be also fun to speculate about how soul else might have felt if they were in your position. IntegrationHow does your experience relate to the theories? Do different theories of conformity predict the reactions you got when you broke the There are umteen other interesting questions and issues that you might choose to raise when thinking theoretically about the experience of breaking a norm. Conclusion Take a stair back to look at the big picture of social norms. Evaluate your feelings and the behavior you observed in the context of the theories. What does your experience have to add to the theory?

Analysis of the Macro and Micro Environment at British Airways Essay

British Air shipway is the largest international scheduled airline in the UK. The company was founded in 1919, and has act to grow and expand since privatisation in 1987, until the global corner hit in 2008. On 23rd January 2009 the UK was officially decl bed to be in recession pursual both consecutive quarters in 2008 during which frugal growth dropped (BBC, 2009). Many handicraftes, including British Airways, have found it increasely surd to survive in the resulting examen macroeconomic environment.The RecessionA recession provide a good deal occur when inflation grows rapidly goods become more(prenominal) expensive at a metre when consumers have little money to spend. As consumers spend less money, append begins to exceed demand at heart the markets. This causes businesses to produce less of their goods, and so require less staff. The unemployment that results from this creates a situation whereby people do not trust the markets and have less money, so stop spending , then creating a vicious circle. UK unemployment figures up to serve 2010 show that unemployment has risen to 8%, the highest figure since 1996.For many people, air fit is a luxury good. This fashion that in times of hardship, where the consumer is reducing their spending, air travel will be an argona that is very hard hit, as many people are not taking holidays. For some consumers, air travel is for business purposes, as opposed to recreational. This area of the market has not been hit as hard, although many people are now flying in parsimoniousness class, where they cleverness previously have flown in business or first class. Business and first class passengers have played a large part in BAs profitability, as they account for a large proportion of the companys profit.Low-cost, budget airlines such as Ryan Air have fare comparatively well, producing profits in a market where very few businesses have been able to. Budget airlines are supplying an inferior good. This means that as consumer income decreases, a demand for the service will increase as the service is seen to be more affordable. Production Costs Over recent eld the cost of fuel has increased dramatically, and as each airport has only one fuel supplier, BA is fashioning within a limited market, where in that location is a lack of price competition to drive the price of fuel down.With demand continuing to exceed the supply of fuel the equilibrium point of the supply and demand curve is continually changing, this allows the fuel suppliers to increase their be. As demand for air travel has dropped and production costs have increased, BA has found that an increase number of flights are running with too few passengers to make the flight profitable. However, if BA were to decrease the number of flights they would risk losing their slots at the major airports, which would be disgraceful when the market begins to pick up and demand for flights increases again.Willie Walsh, chief executive of BA, believes that a compromise must be found between surviving throughout this difficult climate, and growing the business so that it can prosper once the economy has recovered. Iberia Merger BA has recently signed a merger with Spains Iberian Airlines. This will promote the business to being one of the largest international providers of air travel. It is predicted that the merger will allow the 2 companies to save around ? 50 billion per year, which will greatly benefit shareholders as the profit will be seen to increase, and as well benefit customers as the synergy between the routes and aircraft used should offer more choice at a more competitive price (Price, 2010). Government Policy As a result of the recent recession, the government has taken locomote to increase consumer spending. Increased consumer spending is necessary in tell to increase the UKs GDP (gross domestic product) and so ensure that the recovery from the recent recession will continue.Some of these insurance responses from the government included lowering tubful from 17. 5% to 15% as of December 1st 2008 (Finch, 2008). This was a move which was aimed at lowering the price of goods and so encouraging the public to spend more. This would start to regain consumer trust, and also start to ready money back into the market. The major downside to this policy change is that due to a lower governmental income from VAT, the government has been forced to increase the UKs national debt and run a larger budget shortage in pose to keep national services running.There has been considerable debate as to how much this policy actually helped to baffle the UK out of the recession, barely it did encourage consumers to have more faith in the government and the economy and to spend more money. By encouraging a higher rate of consumer spending, the economy is starting to recover this is a positive sign for British Airways as it means that customers are beginning to increase again. As the consumer is re gaining faith in the economy they are becoming more likely to pre-book a holiday as they have more money available to them.This cut in VAT has also allowed companies such as BA to either increase their profit margins slightly or lower their prices slightly (BBC, 2009). The Bank of England Since the start of the recent recession, the pounding has weakened considerably. With the UK economy struggling and consumers having borrowed heavily before the recession, currency traders have flooded the market with sterling, resulting in the pound dropping in value. In an flack to maintain monetary stability the Bank of England dropped the national interest rates from 5% down to as low as 0. 5% (Bank of England, no date).This also caused currency traders to attempt to trade their sterling to a currency returning a higher profitability, such as the Euro (Bank of England, 2010). However, this move was needed in order to attempt to keep inflation low and encourage banks to continue to supply loan s, overdrafts and mortgages. This was a move which was needed in order to try and maintain consumer trust, solely the weakening pound has do business increasingly difficult for international companies as importing goods needed to provide their surface has increased thus increasing their production costs, although it does make the service cheaper for foreign consumers.Leadership Theories Willie Walsh became CEO of British Airways in 2005 since then he has faced numerous challenges as the global economy has been hit hard by the recent recession. Walsh was brought in by British Airways as CEO following his success as CEO of Aer Lingus, where he helped to bring the company out of the financial difficulty that it suffered as a result of the terrorist attacks in 2001, by cutting 2000 jobs and finding new ways to cut costs (Saunders, 2008).In the current economic climate, where the industry has been severely hit by the recent recession, a leader is needed who is able to react to an ever-c hanging high-powered environment. Walsh has proved his ability to do this, and has been quick to react with BA by cutting many jobs as the recession hit, and working out new ways in which the company can be run more efficiently, such as by reducing the number of aircraft and raising the efficiency of staff.This style of leaders is known as transformational leadership it relies upon a leader who has a concept of the direction he wishes the business to take, and has the ability to motivate and inspire his employees in order to attain this goal. Motivation Content and Process Theories Motivation theories have been developed so that leaders and managers can understand the theory behind the different methods of prompt their workforce and thus work out the most productive and efficient of these methods.It is a common belief that leaders are born and not made this is supported to some extent by motivation theories as the best leaders will be more perceptive as to how change is modify h is workforce, and the areas in which improvements could be made, as they will have a natural empathy. The best leaders will also be able to use this to the returns of their company they will be able to motivate their workforce to a higher work capacity level and so promote productivity. Motivation theories work on the basis that employees carry out work for a variety of reasons, which are weighted in terms of their importance.Maslows hierarchy of Need (shown in the diagram below) suggests that there are 5 levels at which a person must be fulfilled before they will perform at their optimum capacity, with the lower levels being the first to be fulfilled and the most important. BA has recently asked its employees to consider working uncompensated for up to one month, in a bid to keep the company afloat. Many employees have resisted this change, with only 800 out of 40,000 staff asked agreeing to this. Other options were also put forward to staff, including the option to take unpaid leave or to work part-time these proved more popular with employees.A reduction in salary would affect employees at the bottom two levels on Maslows Hierarchy as with reduced income some may struggle to provide for their physiological needs. This in turn will affect the employee at several levels up the hierarchy they will feel less secure within their job and society, and consequently on a higher more horny level. Content theories of motivation suggest that there are three main components which motivate people these are direction (what they want), intensity (how much they want it) and doggedness (how far they will go to attain this). Following on from his, it is assumed that people will work for rewards.These rewards can then be split into two main areas intrinsic and extrinsic. Content theories place a higher emphasis upon the intrinsic factors, such as the internal drives which motivate people to work. Maslows Hierarchy of Need is one example of this, and Herzbergs 2-factor th eory is another. Herzbergs theory relies upon hygiene (extrinsic) and motivators (intrinsic) and suggests that extrinsic factors are important in preventing job dissatisfaction, whereas intrinsic factors are more concerned with self-respect and achievement, thus promoting job satisfaction.Process theories such as J Stacy Adams Equity theory, suggest that people are more productive when they perceive that they are receiving fair treatment, and will tend to act if they believe they are being unfairly treated when they compare themselves to others within their social network. Vrooms Expectancy theory also works upon a basis of fair treatment, but focuses upon the workers belief that if they put more effort in, their performance will improve, and their manager will reward them fairly, with a reward that is of value to the individual worker.Managers must therefore identify the rewards that workers will place a high value upon, and attempt to minimise any undesirable outcomes. British Air ways needs to focus more upon employee satisfaction, particularly within this economic climate, as this will encourage workers to perform at a higher capacity and thus increase efficiency of the company. Threat of future redundancies is a rangy motivating factor for many employees if process theory is applied, so that employees believe increased effort will lead to fair reward (ie. keeping their job) they may be more likely to perform better.Management of Change Theories regarding management of change focus on minimising resistance to change, as this is more likely to make the proposed change viable. Force field analysis requires managers to assess the pros and cons of change, and the movement that will be needed to effect this change. For example, with BAs pay freeze and request for unpaid work, there will be resistance to this change, based upon a fear of lower income, but, for some, the fear of redundancies and departure will outweigh the risk of a month unpaid (BBC, 2009).Resi stance to change is often natural due to a fear of the unknown employees often fear that if they work at a higher capacity this will become the expected normality, which may be difficult to sustain, and can encourage workers to thus work at a lower performance level. Lewins 3-step change process identifies unfreezing (where the status quo is disturbed), movement (where new behaviour is adopted) and refreezing (where the new patterns are set up as normal) as the three stages. Unfreezing is perceived to be the most difficult to implement, as this is where a fear of the unknown will have the greatest impact.For managers to traverse this they must show empathy, communication and participation. Willie Walsh shows an example of this as he has ensured that all BA employees are kept well informed of all plans towards cost-cutting and voluntarily concord to work for July without receiving his ? 61,000 monthly salary in a bid to encourage workers to do the same. This also uses process theo ries of motivation, as it encourages workers to feel that they are receiving fair treatment. unluckily for BA, many employees feel that they are being treated unfairly, leading to numerous recent strikes, which have caused massive further losses to the company.

Lago’s Motiveless Malignancy

S. T. Coleridge regarded Iago as A being next to the devil, only not quite the devil whose explanatory soliloquies were the motive run of motiveless malignity. From your reading so far, to what extent do you agree with this view? Iago is one of Shakespeares most compelling and sophisticated villain. He is considered as such because of the trust that Othello puts in him and which he betrays while maintaining his reputation of an honest and reliable man.Shakespeare presents Iago as cynical, quick witted and opportunistic, therefore having all qualities of stage villains in strike back tragedies. He is eaten up by jealousy and hatred, and this leads him to seek ways to destroy Othello by poisoning his mind against Desdemona. Iago is a master in pretending and destroying. around of the times we see that he enjoys having an audience, because we see that he has a lot of soliloquies where he outlines his plot very clearly. However he is rather mysterious in particular when he refuses to speak at the end of the play.In fact, it is this silence that led to Coleridge concluding that he has a motiveless malignity. The same critic likewise viewed Iago as being next to the devil. Here Iago is no longer considered as the epitome of evil, but he is seen as an example of an emotionally limited man, goaded by jealousy. Most other Shakespearean characters do bad things in order to achieve a particular goal. Often the motive is ambition as in Macbeth or revenge, as in Hamlet. The thing about Iago is that we really never know for certain why Iago acts In this way.However, many people appreciate that the possible motive for Iagos actions is envy, particularly towards Desdemona, Cassio and Othello. Iago sees them as more noble, generous and in the case of Cassio, more handsome than he is. This is reflected in the line when he says He hath a daily beauty in his life that makes me ugly. In addition, Iago suspects his wife, Emilia, of infidelity with Cassio. Iagos relationship wi th Roderigo is driven by callous greed, and when his traveling bag becomes a dangerous inconvenience, he kills him.His motives for destroying Othellos happiness are driven by negative impulses. Iago holds a grudge against Othello for promoting Cassio instead of him. Apart from normal jealousy, Iago is also eaten uo with sexual jealousy. He hates Othello because he suspects that the general has twixt my sheets .. done my office. And because of this paranoia, Iago determines to use the goodness of Othellos wife, Desdemona to enmesh them all. Another motive, for Iago to hate Othello is racism.His low depression of him is very clear in many of his speeches, especially in the way that he mentions him. Iago wants to degrade those that he despises. Iago is self-contained, egotistical and confident. These qualities help him in his treacherous quest. He is also very successful because he is able to play several roles convincingly, and is able to adapt his style to suit any occasion. Iago o nly reveals his true spirit in his soliloquies. And this is why it is difficult for us to see the real motive beneath the appearance that he creates to cover his true self.

Competitive Strategies for Wal-Mart

The emergence of Wal-Mart as a tolerant misfortune retailer has changed retail in the United States, according to a 2008 article on Wal-Mart and competition in AllBusiness. com. Big box retailers typically have throw ins exceeding 50,000 squ be feet. This type of store is standard, with large windowless single-story buildings. Several other big box retailers like Toys R Us, Best Buy, Target, Lowes and Home Depot have created competition for Wal-Mart. However, Wal-Mart has stood out as the perennial merchandise big box retailer, according to the AllBusiness. om article. Because of its big box status, Wal-Mart has exceeded small retailers in profits.Annual revenues for 2004 were slightly over $288 billion. Revenues in 2006 exceeded $350 billion. Wal-Mart maintains its status as a big box retailer by pursuit profits through a high volume of low-price items. Low-Cost Leadership Wal-Marts slogan is Spend Less. Live Better. The giant retailer prides itself on providing customers with low-cost items that nettle competitors. Wal-Mart reported a 3.6 percent increase in net income from cost cutting, according to an August 2010 Associated Press article.Also read MGMT-QUIZ about types of competitive strategiesCustomers are cautious about spending because of a slow economy, and Wal-Mart continues to be their low-cost option. Customers choose to shop at Super Wal-Mart centers for groceries, rather than the local grocery store because of discounted items. For example, Wal-Mart offers $1 ketchup bottles and $4 for a case of soda. The Associated Press article stated that Wal-Mart benefited during the recession as affluent shoppers were forced to downgrade to cheaper options.

Four Stages of Change

The first act of change is disaffirmation. For most muckle in this stage, change is not easy to accept, and they react to it with a sense of denial or inability to see a problem. People in this stage do not believe that change is happening realistically. To avoid showing denial, people try to focus their attention on other things. In Jamie Olivers episodes, the citizens of Huntington focused their attention on things, such as, the amount of money it costs to buy healthier nutrient and how very much more time it would take to prepare it.The lunch ladies were very close-minded and seemed to al shipway have an argument of denial against what Jamie was trying to recommend to them. At one point in an episode, the head lunch lady even stated, why fix something that isnt broken. But, the reality is, that the food and overweight issues in the small town of Huntington is an issue. They just do not want to come to terms with facing it. Change is often interpreted as foreign and iridesc ent feelings, so people shift their attention to past customs and what makes them feel secure.Jamies role in this stage is to help the people of Huntington understand what is happening and how it affects them. The minute act of change is resistance. People begin to resist change when they realize that the change is taking place whether they want it to or not. Feelings of anger, doubt, fear, and anxiety begin to develop, which peck hinder the process of change. In Jamie Olivers episodes, the lunch ladies of the elementary school exemplified a great deal of resistance in the change Jamie was trying to put forth.They endlessly spoke about how they didnt think that what Jamie was doing would work, and constantly complained about the youthful roles and strategies outlined for them. These things happen because people get pushed out of their comfort zone, and arguments and non-cooperation are ways in which team up members show their resistance to change. In this stage, Jamie lends an ear to the team members concerns surrounding the change, and tries to encourage them that everything will work out.The third stage of change is consideration. Here, team members give up on arguments and begin to become a team player. People start acting and learning the new ways to contribute towards the ever-changing process. They understand the rationality of the change, and how they are an important aspect in making that change happen. Rhonda began to consider the change process when she saw how the young children reacted to the healthier food that Jamie provided for them. She gave Jamie more time to allow his process to take place.Also, the parents started jumping on board when they watched the demonstration that Jamie put on for them about what their kids are really eating, and how much nutrition they are really getting. People in this stage begin to start contributing towards the change to find out what is really in stash away for them. Jamie does a great job of helping the team members participate actively and providing them with the knowledge and training that will make them more comfortable in their new roles. The final stage of change is acceptance. In this stage, productivity and emotions are completely restored.Members of the change process begin to accept their new roles and begin to settle in, as they gain more control in whats happening. An example of this taking place is when the high school lunch ladies committed to cooking the food from scratch, as they gave their musical accompaniment to Jamies cause. Jamie rewards and acknowledges the ladies for their dedication and contributions as he continues to motivate them to stay committed. It is going through this final stage of change that allows the process to actually take place inside itself.

Taking DécorFurniture.com to the Next Level of E-Commerce

decorarticle of furniture. com pull up stakes utilize an off the shelf CRM operation in lieu of an ERP system. Customer Relationship Management applications go forth enhance the marketing, sales, and customer expediency aspect of interior designarticle of furniture. com by handling the data about the connections grizzly and succeeding(a) customers. The CRM application forget plow the call center function to be added to the company. This go forth champion in reaching the goal of improving the companys relationship with its customers.Proper training leave behind be given to the agents, briefing them on the CRM applications goal of improving relationships in order to ensure that the cost of the program will non have to balloon out of proportion before showing results. Business Processes Business Process benefit is an essential part of decor Furniture. There argon numerous of individuals surfing the internet in this solid ground of fast-paced technology. There is a nee d for Decor Furniture to retain up with the demands of these individuals, potential customers and old patrons. There is a need, therefore, for flexibility in changing the status quo of the e- short letter.Web design, marketing strategies, web operate utilise, and new(prenominal)(a) applications integrated in the companys trade must be constantly reviewed for effectiveness in the business growth. The online community is a fast-changing thing and Decor Furniture must constantly keep up through with(predicate) the upgrading of softwargon and mechanisms. Business processes constantly monitor work feasts or the way the business transactions flow from the start to the end. XML will be used for the companys site. This will help in tutelage the web site flexible to change given the simplicity and universality of the code.It will be used as the language to connect the workflow processes involved. The use of Wf-XML will reduce integration costs. It will withal be easier to operate as it can be handled by anyone who is XML literate. Decor Furniture will in addition make use of a language translating web service in order to provide its services in different languages online. This will help in the goal of reaching more individuals with the products it offers. Business news program Planning and Funding As a start-up e-business stemming from an offline company with a small target of customers, Decor Furniture will not yet employ the use of business science.However, it will target the integration of a business intelligence application when the company grows and its customers and sales increase. Waiting and not implementing a business intelligence application immediately will also give ample time for planning the program. Once the business has taken off and funds have increased through the companys profits and through outside investors attracted through the companys highly competent marketing strategies, business intelligence will be integrated.Because business int elligence will only be applied once the company is big and funds are enough to sustain the program, OLAP will be an option for Decor Furniture. This is because OLAP is multidimensional and will give a wider array of choices with regard to the tasks that need to be accomplished by the system. Data mine will not be used because some studies have sh admit that such procedures, such as the foodstuff Basket Analysis, are not effective. Customers may buy a certain product for different reasons not simply because of certain aspects of their identity avail suitable in the data to be mined.Assessing Decor Furniture as a Small Business Before the advent of the internet, furniture was viewed in a companys showroom, ordered, and only then delivered to the customers residence or office. This process can be thin out short, however, by allowing DecorFurniture. com to go online. The strategy to be applied will involve the creation of a company website which will not only serve as a brochure for the different products but which will also integrate a purchasing feature where customers can order their products and pay via PayPal or other such B2C systems.This allows the company to reach more individuals than it usually would. Even individuals not living near Decor Furnitures main stores would be able to view and opt to buy their products. Marketing hold in the strategy planning for Decor Furniture is its aspect as an online market. As stated above, Decor Furniture will be placed on the online market because this broadens its pool of customers. Marketing will include the use of online ads, electronically mailing potential customers, and having different kinds of advertising multimedia, such as commercials on YouTube for the advancement of the products.The companys site will be made sure to have an attractive and welcome template. Navigation around the site will be made easier with a site map and promos will be placed on the home page to attract the potential customers to co ntinue on to the aftermath of the products. Marketing programs will be outsourced. This is to reduce costs, via cheaper labor in the outsourcing companies, and to ensure that the newly started online market of Decor Furniture will be marketed expertly even from the start. Outsourcing may be stopped in the future once the company has gained ground on the military man Wide Web. Legal Matters Privacy, IPR and TaxAlong with the uncharted land of the web, numerous companies starting an e-business are unsure of the boundaries of their legal rights. Many customers are also afraid of violation of their own rights in purchasing over the internet. Privacy and stealing identity information keep customers on their guard. This will be avoided by including privacy policies or agreement terms on the site as puff up as by clear explanation of why certain information is being asked of the client. Proper story work will be filed in the local government to ensure that taxation of the transaction s make on the DecorFurniture. com site will be assured.This will ensure that the e-business dealings are legal and accounted for. This is in all probability the most essential legal aspect the company faces because its main purpose for going online is to be able to establish more customers through an online market. The domain name, company logo and tag lines will be secure as well to protect the company from imitations and posers. Management Issues An important management trend that is good to keep in mind when dealing with online business is outsourcing. Running an e-business entails paying attention to numerous details that arent part of what your business is really about.Advertisements, creation of web designs, writing of the sites content are all things that will be outsource in DecorFurniture. com. Going online has given Decor Furniture access to the entire world as a pool for potential customers. Through transnational shipping, global service will be offered. Shipping ins urance as well as local tax in the customers country will not be part of the services available to the international customers. This will extend the possibilities for DecorFurniture. com and will take full advantage of its choice to go online.Conclusion Decor Furniture can maximize its online presence through the use of the various resources it can find available on the internet. Developing a strong presence online is essential in order to attract new customers and to col the companys name. Creating an impressive web site and coupling this with effective marketing strategies will help Decor Furniture become a household name when it comes to online purchasing. However, in order for the company to dress hat have its customers keep coming back, it has to establish a good relationship with the.This can be launch through CRM applications that will be integrated into the company. Eventual use of business intelligence applications, which will be capable of analyzing sales data, will als o assist the company in getting to know violate the customers and target audience for sales. Decor Furniture has a bright future ahead on the World Wide Web. Unlike many dot com businesses, it has a very good chance at sightly a stable success online. Through careful planning of business strategies and implementation of the same, this e-business will be booming in no time.There are many features of e-business that put it above offline businesses. Numerous aids and options are available to the online company and it can more easily reach a larger audience of individuals. However, there must be proper planning, implementation of these plans, and use of e-business strategies in order for success to be attained. case Vindevogel, B. , Van den Poel, Dirk, and Wets, Geert. Why promotion strategies based on market basket analysis move intot work. Expert Systems with Applications, 28 (1991) 583-590.

Adolescents How Society Affects Them

As we all already know that adolescence is the developmental stage between childhood and adulthood, slackly referring to a period ranging from age 11 and 19. Adolescence has many psychological and social stages, as well as biological. Because it is filled with constant changes and uncertainty, the risks of losing the sight of the proper(a) path is quite high. Let me talk ab push through how and who affects them.As children grow, develop, and relocation into early adolescence, involvement with angiotensin-converting enzymes associates increases. In evidence to be included in a group of friends they argon easily swayed to do something wrong.They be faced with decisions to try new things, such as drugs, changing fashion, take in words, alcohol, sex etc. The use of drugs by teenageagers is the result of a combination of factors such as mate pressure, curiosity, and availability (Cotterell, 135). Peers are the ones who almost frequently initiate one another(prenominal) into dr ug use.Family members are the most important source of peer pressure. I believe family is the most influential foundation for several reasons. For one, peer pressure is encountered first at home. The mother and father play the biggest role in our lives because they teach their children chastise from wrong.For example, as a child my parents would always warn me about a girl whom I hung out with and lived in my neighborhood. They advised me a million times to not associate with her because they thought she was bad news.Similarly, spiritual institutions are another spectacular source of influence. The young adults that participate in apparitional institutions, come from families which are not into drugs, alcohol, violence, or any sort of crime. So the do these religious institutions have are great on young people in society.Religious adolescents can encourage one another to be lucky in school, sports, and other activities. In my own past experiences when growing up, the people I have elect as friends werent always the coolest, or craziest, but they were always good for their word. These types of friends are valuable for supreme peer pressure and are important to keep.Friends, as it is seen, are a major source of peer pressure that one encounters when growing up. I believe from past experiences, friends have the strongest influence on us. The effects from our friends can sometimes be really good or truly bad.If one friend brings the bottleful to the hang out and tells another teen to try it because it is so cool, he or she will experimentation with it not knowing what effects it can lead to. One of the reasons that our society finds it difficult to handle teens drug use is because adolescent culture does not consist of one uniform, homogeneous group. (Miller, 107).Teens and children are also having sex at a young age because most of their friends may be doing the like thing. They want to fit in and be part of the in-crowd so they will not follow what the y find out is right and so they will take part in sexual behavior in order to be cool.Sex is just one issue that adolescents are faced with. Consumption of alcohol is another factor that can lead to bad decisions based on the friendships that they make.Choosing the friends one hangs out with can sometimes be difficult. Even though we know what is right from wrong we still have the tendency to do the wrong thing.Even though there are a lot of negative effects from friends influences, there are just as many positive effects too. I believe the right friends can push one to doing the right things such as belonging to a soccer squad or joining the band club.In conclusion, peer pressure is always surrounding us and affecting us. Our friends, family members, and religious institutions are the main sources in which peer pressure comes from.With the proper guidance and right choice of friends, one will not have any trouble with smells difficult decisions, and will hopefully do the right t hing when faced with difficult problems. Adolescence is a powerful time in ones life with an array of chances to ruin a bright future, so I guess forewarned is forearmed.ReferencesCotterell, John. Social Networks and Social Influences in Adolescence. New York Thomson. 1996.Miller, Michelle, Alberts, Jess, Hecht, Jess, and Robert Krizek. Adolescent Relationships and Drug Use. London Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 2000.National Institute on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism. Retrieved from http//www.niaaa.nih.gov

How Information Technology has Impacted My Daily Life Essay

In the twenty-first century, information technology (IT) is at the core of most note activities (Laube xiii). IT is similarly at the core of more personal activities. Like many U.S. Americans, my personal and professional activities pass heavily on the utilize of technology. From the alerting clock in the morning to the reckoner at work, technology plays a vital part of my everyday life. Technology enhances the ease and simplicity of activities and adds convenience to life. Although, when these technologies fail to incline correctly, they disrupt unremarkable activities and hinder productivity.It is six in the morning and my cellphone phone rings. It is my alarm clock. delinquent to technological advances, I no weeklong have a need for a traditional alarm clock. I do not have to worry about waking up late because of a power outage at night. Although, if I forget to charge my cell phone battery or the mountain is off, then this great convenience disrupts my daily routine . The cell phone has also eliminated my need for a land-line nursing home phone. The cell phone is an immense expediency and allows me mobile contact with anyone, no matter where I am. In addition, the camera in my cell phone is extremely handy. This feature allows me capture a cute indorsement in time of my daughter at times when I would not normally have my symmetric camera with me. I can print, download, or send these pictures to friends and family. My cell phone also acts as a notepad and calculator.For example, if I am driving and think of something I need to write down, I can just now record myself a message and write it down later. This is not only a convenience, but also serves as a safety method. In addition, if I am in the store and need to sum up a sale price or total, I only need to go as far-off as my purse for assistance. The cell phone reduces my need for many other modern day conveniences and also reduces the number of items I have to carry in my purse. If my cell phone was lost or not operating correctly, it would terribly impede my daily activities because I depend on it for so many different matters. Besides the computer, the cell phone is one of the most utilized and revered technological devices in my life.The computer aids me both in my personal and professional life, as it is used for a wide variety of activities. I utilize the computer for work, fun,relaxation, and money. I would be lost without a working computer and internet connection. At work, everything I do depends on using the computer. I use the computer to date up client information, log client contacts, run proposals and ledgers, keep up to date on sedulousness and company happenings, and to stay in contact via email with clients and co-workers. At home, I use the computer for a number of different tasks. Tracking and logging my finances depends on computer usage, as I do my banking and pay bills online.This eliminates the need for paper statements and bills. Word p rocessing programs and the internet enable me to complete homework assignments without regular leaving the comfort of my own home. Email allows me to stay in contact with my group members for school as well. Computer technology also permits me to supplement my regular income by selling items online. Websites, such as ebay.com and half.com, machinate it quick and easy to earn money by selling stuff I no longer need or use. The computer is not all work and no play though. I use email to stay in contact with friends and family. The internet is used to play online games, watch television shows, or download music, all of which are a source of relaxation for me. Without a properly operating computer and internet connection, my life would be extremely difficult.Many peoples personal and professional lives revolve around technology, including mine. From cell phones to computers, the world depends on technology to survive. Technology serves as a means of communicating, gathering and obtain ing information, and convenience. When these technologies fail though, daily life can be extremely difficult, or even disastrous, due to the immense dependence on technological devices.Work CitedLaube, David R. and Raymond F. Zammuto, eds. Business Driven InformationTechnology Answers to 100 Critical Questions for Every Manger. Stanford, CA Stanford UP, 2003.

Hunger Games Summer Reading

Now days, everything is about freedom and equality in The coupled States. The Ameri flock government is trying to spread these ideals to countries across the world. In The hungriness Games, Suzanne Collins argues the point that any people are equal by using the Capitol as an example. In the contain, the leaders of Panem host the Hunger Games, a competition requiring two youth citizens from each district to fight to death, annually. The tributes chosen to manage in the games are chosen at random from a drawing filled with each of the names of young adults in the different districts.Children ages twelve to eighteen are enlisted into the drawing. The entries are cumulative though, so when the tribute is twelve their name is entered once, thirteen twice, and so on until they are eighteen it will be entered seven times. Also, the tributes can choose to add their name to the drawing more times in exchange for tessera, which is a weakened portion of rice and oil. This makes the under privileged members of each district more likely to be sent to the Capitol to compete in the games.The rules of the games are completely unfair and prejudice toward poor people, much like the world is today. Although we concentrate on and try to help the less fortunate, we are more interested in who has the most bullion and want to put those people up on a pedestal. The members of the Capitol and their families are refrained from being put in the drawing just because they are important in the society. It is not clearly stated in the book that these rules are unfair, but it is so hard not to think about how the districts just take inconclusive orders from the Capitol.Although logos and ethos dont really play a part in this novel, pathos holds a pretty big responsibility. Collins appeals to her audiences emotions in the story by the way she builds relationships mingled with the readers and the characters. You will get so attached to Katniss when you read this book and will be anti cipating her to make the serious decisions and take home the title of the games. This connects to the argument because once you get to know her character, you will feel kindliness for the unnecessary punishment she does through.