Corruption: Sovereign State and Black Mark

Corruption Outlines: 1) Corruption is social evil. 2) Pakistan is the special victim. 3) Corruption is black mark. 4) Govt. is involved in corruption. 5) People are ignorant. 6) Govt. should be honest. 7) Media should show bad result of corruption. 8) Technical education is a good solution. Corruption is an evil that is destroying our nation. At this time, corruption is the biggest problem of our Pakistan. Pakistan needs progress, but corruption is the biggest hurdle in the way of progress. Although, corruption is an international problem, but Pakistan is special victim.Advanced countries have solved the evil of corruption, but Pakistan is facing dangers of corruption daily. Corruption is termite. This termite is eating the roots of our nation. Corruption is a black mark. In Pakistan, we face many different shapes of corruption. People are facing corruption daily. Corruption has made public life like hell. Corruption finished peace and rest of our nation. Corruption created many othe r social evils. Dearness is the special result of corruption. Our Govt. is famous for corruption. Our Govt. never gave any attention to corruption and its solution, but now the time is over.Mostly, the Govt. is involved in corruption. Departments are busy in corruption daily. They are running a rat race in corruption. Some NGOs are spreading corruption. They get benefits, there is corruption in Pakistan; If, some leaders are fan of corruption. They are the ring leader of corruption. RAW is also spreading corruption, because India wants to make Pakistan weak. USA is also involved in corruption in Pakistan, because USA can control Pakistan. Illiteracy in Pakistan is the major cause of corruption. People are ignorant and they are enjoying corruption. Our rulers are lazy. They are in favour of corruption.Media is ignoring corruption. T. V. is also neglecting corruption. There are many disadvantages of corruption. Our Pakistan is becoming weak. Governments are lazy. Media is sleeping. Ma phia is controlling our system. We are passing dull life. People have no normal values. Governments are evil. Departments are looters. Scholars are sleeping. People are neglecting duties. Nation is in full tension. There are other social evils. Pakistan has no future. Corruption has become our culture. God’s torment is very near. We are at the last stage of corruption. Our nation is jumping into dark well.Corruption should be finished. Governments should be active. Media should show bad results of corruption. Scholars should guide nation against corruption. Our rulers should make law against corruption. There should be strict punishment for corruption. Departments should never accept corruption. Our mothers should create awareness against corruption. We should pass simple life. We should get religious education, if we went to finish corruption. We should get technical education to finish corruption. There should be justice and prosperity in Pakistan. In this way, there will b e no corruption.

West Side Story Spin on Romeo and Juliet

Fiction, whether it is a movie, play or a story depicts an assortment of human emotions. Although humans experience a variety of emotions, the most influential among them is the feeling of love. Love has varied forms, it can be the tenderly love of a mother, the affectionate love of a friend or the passionate love of a young person for his/her lover. Numerous stories and plays have been written depicting this passionate love. This form of love is a favorite subject of filmmakers; lovers are portrayed in the movies time after time. The audiences are attracted to the romantic portrayal of love in these movies. One such tale of love is â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, a play written by William Shakespeare. The central characters in the play are the young lovers, Romeo and Juliet who have become the quintessence of young lovers all over the world. This tragical love story has been the subject of many movies. The most famous movie which is a version of the romantic tragedy of Romeo and Juliet is the â€Å"West Side Story†, directed by Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins. Although the plot of the movie â€Å"West Side Story† is based on the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, there are differences as far as the styling and the end of the movie is concerned. Portrayal of Romeo and Juliet The play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, a romantic tragedy by Shakespeare, depicts the story of two lovers who meet a tragic end in the course of their love story. The play is set in the city of Verona, where families of Capulet and Montague are frequently fighting against each other. Amidst this animosity, Romeo, the son of Montague and Juliet, the daughter of Capulet fall in love the very moment they see each other in a party. But fate leads them to their tragic end, as both the lovers kill themselves. West Side Story† by Robert Wise, is an adaptation of the classic love story, Romeo and Juliet. The story has been altered according to the needs of modern times. The feuding families are replaced by the American gang, the Jets and the gang from Puerto Rica, the Sharks. The Jets hate the Sharks, for they think that the Sharks have invaded their territory. The young lovers in the movie are Tony, a member of the Jets gang and Maria who is the sister of Bernardo, the leader of Sharks gang. Tony and Maria fall for each other when they meet at a dance party. They love each other passionately, forgetting the feud between their respective gangs. In a fight between Riff and Bernardo, Riff is killed by Bernardo. Infuriated at the death of his best friend, Tony kills Bernardo. When Tony explains the situation to Maria, she forgives Tony for killing her brother as she is deeply in love with him. But Tony is killed by Chino, a member of Sharks gang when Tony comes out in the streets, upon hearing the wrong message of Maria’s death. Maria is shattered by the death of Tony as fate snatches away her love from her. The classic tale of love of Romeo and Juliet is portrayed in the movie in a different setting and manner. Styling The style adopted by Robert Wise in the movie differs from the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†. The romantic tale of Romeo and Juliet is depicted in the movie in an urban setting and in different circumstances. The modern society in the movie is in tune with the present times. The movie with its story of romantic love, excellent music and vibrant dance catches the attention of the audiences. The movie succeeds in capturing the fervor of the youth through the lively dancing. The tender love which blooms amidst the hatred and rivalry of the gangs touches the heart. The passion depicted in the movie is similar to the passion of Romeo and Juliet but the expression of their love and the surroundings in which Tony and Maria meet are different. The modern style presented in the movie brings forth the old story of Romeo and Juliet in a new and attractive form. The songs and dances in the movie make the story more vibrant and vivacious. The movie is altered to suit the tastes of people in the modern times who view movie as a source of entertainment and leisure. The environment and the characters in the movie reflect the society in which the audiences are leading their lives. The setting of the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† is far different from the environment of the modern society. Changes There are numerous changes in the movie when compared to the plot of the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†. The rivalry between the families of Romeo and Juliet is depicted through the animosity of the Jets gang and Sharks gang. The plot is also changed according to the needs of a movie. In the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, Romeo and Juliet marry secretly but in the movie Tony and Maria never get married. Fate plays an important role in the tragic story of Romeo and Juliet. It is this fate that leads to the death of Romeo and Juliet. But in the movie, the death of Tony is caused, owing to the rivalry of the Jets gang and the Sharks gang. â€Å"It is not a cosmic misunderstanding but angry gunfire that kills Tony, and Maria doesn't die at all; she snatches the gun and threatens to shoot herself, but drops it — perhaps because suicide would have been too heavy a load for the movie to carry. (Ebert). The ending of the movie is also different from the ending of the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†. Ending The play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† ends with the suicide of Romeo and Juliet. To save Juliet from marrying another man, Lawrence devises a plan according to which Juliet will drink a potion that will make her appear as if she is dead. Juliet drink s the potion on the night before her wedding and her family mourns her death, as the effect of the potion makes them to believe that Juliet is dead. But Romeo, oblivious of the plan, is shocked when he hears about Juliet’s death. Heart-broken and dejected, he ends his life at the tomb of Juliet, by consuming poison. Upon awaking Juliet finds Romeo dead, she also kills herself with the Romeo’s dagger. In the movie, Tony is killed by a member of the Sharks gang. Although Maria is devastated by Tony’s death, she is not shown as committing suicide. The death of Romeo and Juliet is caused by a misunderstanding; this element makes the story of Romeo and Juliet more tragic. Tony dies in the movie, owing to the gang rivalry. In spite of being shattered by the death of her lover, Maria holds herself from killing herself. Conclusion The movie â€Å"West Side Story† is adapted from the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†. The style and setting in the movie has been changed according to the needs of the modern society. The plot of the play â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† is more tragic compared to the story of the movie â€Å"West Side Story†. Romeo and Juliet end their lives in the play whereas Tony is killed by a member of Sharks gang. Maria is grief-stricken by Tony’s death but she stops herself from taking her own life.

Write an essay proposing the potential environmental impacts of the

Write an proposing the potential environmental impacts of the monaco grand-prix (check others instructions) - Essay Example The creation being also involving of activities that are built on land that is useful for beauty growth by vegetation indulgencies over the years the structure is a challenge to authentic and natural grace. The Monaco Grand Prix, has been constructed and sat on a piece of land that’s has been for decades concentrated mainly on motor vehicle races. The impacts to the environment of such repeated events as this involve air pollution by the gases released by the motor vehicles, the toxic gases posed by use of fuel that is not user friendly for example diesel, and diesel hydrocarbons that are volatile and evaporate at 180-400 degrees Celsius. Some of the automobile on the tracks of Monaco run on fuels like this, distillate fuels from gas oil. The races Formula One inculcates involves each year tons of carbon emissions. These pollution effects are threats to the water body since carbon emissions interfere with the water bodies in the surrounding environment and the marine life in it along with air and noise pollution. The effects of these pollutions on the population pose risks of health in lifestyle conditions such as lung and throat cancerous ailments from inhaling the toxic gases released into the air. Depriving the environment of its own beauty to green cover, the construction of the facility does not allow for authentic green cover on the area, this leads to a reduced gaseous exchange efficiency that also deprives life of quality from lack of maximized exchange of gases. The other aspect is that of noise pollution that is involved when the races are in progress. The noise from several rushing engines is a cause of noise pollution to the city which is evident by the extents of hearing aid usage and partial deafness among the population of residents. This population of people is directly involved or indirectly involved in the

Federalists v. AntiFederalists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Federalists v. AntiFederalists - Essay Example It should also be noted that a main precursor to the proposed federalism was the ratification of the constitution as spelled out in the so-called Articles of the Confederation. For the proposed constitution to be ratified it was required that all thirteen member states were to express their consent through ratification from elected representatives from the states concerned. It was no secret to the delegates working on the new constitution that achieving this consensus is certainly an up hill task taking into account the level of economic, social and political polarization that had characterized the nation following the heels of the revolutionary civil war. The most credible alternative that would usher in progress in the ratification process in the phase of the potential deadlock that could was seen in what can be described as crafty means of bending through the hill as proposed and implemented by the delegates. It was agreed that the proposed constitution could still be implemented granted nine out of the thirteen member states ratified the constitution. ... ts of federalism did also caution that the failure of some member states to ratify the constitution should not be utterly dismissed with a relegation to isolation bearing in mind that the lack of a universal consensus in the ratification process should not be misconstrued for a potentially smooth sailing experience for the nine ratified states. It was on this premise that the federalist marshaled all their available resources together in a campaign geared at winning the federalism debate. The dividing factor in the constitutional debate became so charged and acrimonious that neither the federalists nor the anti-federalist were willing to cede considerable grounds in the debate. Eventually, the federalists school of thought won the debate resulting in the complete ratification of the constitution by all nine states in the federation; thanks largely to the strong and active propaganda machinery of the federalist school of thought. Besides the question of the ratification of the constitution the federalists and the anti-federalists were divided on a broad stream of other policies that had to do with the emerging questions of statehood, rights of citizens and a host of others. Suffice to cite a few illustrations to buttress the foregoing assertion. For instance, the bloc that stood opposed to federalism preferred a lesser role to be assigned to the central government in the management of the affairs of the state and its citizens, in contrast to the strong central government role as requested by the federalist politicians. In denouncing central government dominance, anti-federalism called for a more developed legislative base at the state level. Meanwhile, both opponents and proponents of federalism did however express a common need to disband the Articles of

Torture at Abu Ghraib Followed CIA's Manual Essay

Torture at Abu Ghraib Followed CIA's Manual - Essay Example The contents of the article seemed to be a disturbing masterpiece evidencing proofs of torture from a well respected intelligence organization, the Central Intelligence Agency. The author proffered issues relative to an innovative form of psychological, ‘no-touch’ torture that superceded the infliction of physical pain. Believed to be more effective in soliciting information from ‘subjects’, the discourse finally revealed its devastating and long lasting effect that erodes the stability in psychological state of mind of those subjected to this approach. McCoy was effective in his style of presenting a clear structure through initially detailing the features and methods of the psychological torture to achieve its goals. By providing illustrations through narrative depiction of the details that go through the various stages, readers are moved and made to empathize with the victim. Through the use of citations McCoy tried to objectively indicate the use of this method from the time it was codified in 1963 up to emergent and validated incidents that supported evidence of its application in contemporary times (arrest of Al Qaeda suspects, September 2001; at Bagram Air Base near Kabul, 2002).

The industrial development in Japan after World War II Essay

The industrial development in Japan after World War II - Essay Example Japan is said to be the principal trading and technologically manufacturing country of the world. Prior to the world war II Japan was the center of an empire that at times included Taiwan, Korea, Manchuria, much of eastern China, southern Sakhalin Island, and the Marshall and Mariana islands of the southwest Pacific Ocean.After the Meiji Restoration of 1868, the new government launched a determined drive to establish a modern industrial economy anchored in Western science and technology. Modern systems of education and banking were created. The government financed and operated new manufacturing, mining, and transportation ventures, and as they became commercially viable it sold them to private interests. Continued government support led to the development after the 1890s of large-scale, family-based enterprises (zaibatsu) in banking, transportation, and heavy industries related to armament production. Vigorous private initiative prompted consumer industries such as textiles.During th e 1920s and 1930s, Japan's industries grew steadily in variety and technical maturity. Manufactured goods such as cement, steel, bicycles, simple industrial machinery, chemical fertilizers, and processed foods gained in importance. Electric power generation also increased sharply during this period. Notwithstanding these developments, the Japanese economy on the eve of World War II was still backward in many respects. Sophisticated machinery, chemicals, and refined metals had to be imported.... Two million of its people had died in the war, a third of them civilians. Air raids had devastated its cities, and at least 13 million Japanese were homeless. Industry was at a standstill, and even farm output had declined. Many Japanese wore rags and were half-starved. All were mentally and physically exhausted. For the first time in its history, Japan was a conquered nation occupied by a foreign power. Nowadays, we can see a novel Japan excruciating with energy and ambitions. Its economy is counted among the top most economies of the world. The population has become affluent and the country's main islands are connected together with a network of tunnels and bridges bullet trains keep on running at a speed of around 195 kilometers per hour. Prosperity created new challenges, however. The price for Japan's success included explosive urban growth and overcrowding, water and air pollution, and damage to many of the nation's scenic treasures. Hills were hacked down for factory sites or home-sites, while mountains were defaced by highways to accommodate city tourists. For a time, Mount Fuji, Japan's highest mountain peak almost disappeared from sight because of smog created by factories and cars. Today, that smog is gone, thanks to some of the world's most rigorous standards for auto emissions and industrial air pollution. In other areas, Japan still struggles to balance development with environmental protection. It was once predicted that Japan would become the world's largest economy by 2000, but the picture has changed dramatically. Japan's real-estate and stock markets collapsed in 1989-92, beginning the longest recession since World War II. The economy remains weak despite tax cuts and massive government spending. Yet export-oriented Japan still runs a

The Role of Knowledge Management and Human Resource Management in Research Paper

The Role of Knowledge Management and Human Resource Management in assisting the employees' replacement process - Research Paper Example Conclusions 22 References Appendices List of Abbreviations HRM: Human Resource Management KM: Knowledge Management IC: Intellectual Capital RBV: Resource-based-view 1. Introduction: Ulrich (1998) asserted that knowledge management through intellectual capital will be the basis for direct and indirect competitive advantage for organisations; and that successful organisations will be the ones that are most adept at attracting, developing and retaining individuals who can drive global organisation that is responsive for both its customers and the burgeoning opportunities of technology. Ulrich’s perspective on knowledge management and human resources management provide a strong foundation to understand contemporary organisations’ providence in sustaining their position in the global market. This paper will discuss the Ulrich perspective in depth and to show the link between the role of both Human Recourse Management and Knowledge Management in sustaining the competitive adv antage of organisations through knowledge workers. 2. What is Intellectual Capital: Ulrich (1998) emphasizes the ability to attract, develop and retain individuals that can run organisations at global levels while exploiting technological advancements for achieving and sustaining success. This is possible by building intellectual capital, which the Business Dictionary explains as the collective knowledge of individuals in an organisation or society, which can be used to produce wealth, multiple output of physical assets, gain competitive advantage, and/or to enhance value of other types of capital including customer capital, human capital, intellectual property, and structural capital (Skiba & Dulong, 2010; p.264). Human capital constitutes the knowledge gained by employees through specific activities that result in learning and innovation (Edvinsson and Malone 1997). Overall, Nahapiet and Ghoshal (1998; p.245) regard IC as â€Å"a valuable resource and a capability for action base d in knowledge.† Moreover, they regard IC of greater value compared to other organisational assets. According to them, IC operates in two dimensions, first based on types of knowledge; secondly, levels of analysis in knowledge and knowing. From the types of knowledge perspective, its classification into tacit and explicit knowledge by Polanyi (1967) stands good in organisational contexts. Intellectual capital is the hidden value of the organisation, and closely linked to Knowledge core processes such as acquisition, codification, dissemination, development and application (Davis, 2009). Establishment of this link between Knowledge core processes and IC requires an understanding of knowledge and its management in organisational contexts. 3. Knowledge and its management: Knowledge: Distinguishing from information and data, Lang (2001) identifies knowledge as a human creation that is embodied in mind, and argues that it cannot be delivered by systems or technology. A highly accep ted and notable classification of knowledge is that of Polanyi’s (1967) tacit and explicit knowledge. Tacit knowledge is that which is captured by an individual’s mindset and manifests through their actions. This knowledge can be acquired through interpersonal interaction (Lee & Choi, 2003). Explicit knowledge forms the formal and systematic knowledge which can be shared and communicated by codifying into manuals, procedures, rules etc (Nonaka & Konno, 1998; Stenmark, 2001). Explicit knowledge can be transferred to others in simpler manner than tacit

Rodchenko and Popova and Architecture of the Constructivist Period Essay

Rodchenko and Popova and Architecture of the Constructivist Period - Essay Example Aleksander Michailovich Rodchenko was seen as originator whose work was mocked as construction art by another artist Kazimir Malevich in 1917. The word evolved to become an honourable term by 1920 in the Realistic Manifesto of Naum Gabo while Alexei Gan used it as title of his book Constructivism printed in 1922 (Cooke, 1995, 106). As an art, it combines the particular properties of an object as well as its spatial presence, thus, presentation in three-dimension although it would soon encompass two-dimensional works of books, posters, montage and factography (Cooke, 1995). In this essay, it will be demonstrated how the works of arts and expressions of Russian avant- garde artists Lyubov Popova and Aleksandr Rodchenko have significantly influenced constructivism and how their principles were applied in constructive architecture. Constructivism is described as the objective analysis of a systematic practice which consists of set of principles (scientific) to be applied in the productio n of useful goods (Fer, 1989, 16). In this context, the pioneer constructivist artists have incorporated and explored the different elements of arts i.e. line, color, plane, volume, space, material etc. beyond their traditional uses so that they (artists) could freely express their feelings and to produce utilitarian/practical works. Constructivism has opposed the traditional art which is figurative and decorative. The constructivists have exhibited a new territory of imagination to convey futuristic design (Brandy, 2009). In addition, constructivism also literally utilized industrial materials such as wood or marble dust [Figure 5] to exhibit artifice and illusion (Fer 1989, & Aspden, 2009). Discussion Constructivism was seen to be a reaction of Russian artists on the pomposity of the previous eras about high art. In addition, there was already an on-going Russian Futurism exexmplified by industrial, angular styles, soon, works of the likes of Malevich’s Suprematism showed g eometric abstraction (Cooke, 1995). It has not been easily accepted during the earlier period. In 1920 during the formative years of constructivism, Rodchenko was commissioned by the Bolshevik government as director of the Museum Bureau and Purchasing Fund. He was not only a teacher but responsible in the reorganisation of art schools as well as museums. Much propaganda at that time both governmental and otherwise used Rodchenko’s art, design and concepts that saw the debut of â€Å"the end of painting† (Akbar, 2009, P 1). Together with his comrade Liubov Popova, they bid their farewell to the bourgeois practice of painting which they described as frivolous and pretentious (Cooke, 1995). Aside from industry shaping the Russian Futurism, the constructivist also were engaged in festivals, street designs, and post-revolution of the Bolshevik government where the UNOVIS group of Malevich propaganda plaques and buildings such as the 1919 work of El Lissitzky’s Beat t he Whites with the Red Wedge. In their works as exemplified by Rodchenko, POpova and their fellow artists, a new explosion of creativity and innovative styles was integrated in the paintings which he both applied rushing diagonal lines and bold colours [Figure 1& 2]. Rodchenko

Effective Ways to Prevent Animal Abuse Research Paper

Effective Ways to Prevent Animal Abuse - Research Paper Example Hence, it is important to ensure that diverse means of protecting animals from abuse is done so that not only their rights are recognized, but also for ensuring the absolute end of such abuse. Among the most important things that can be done to ensure that animal abuse if prevented is for individuals to know who to contact when instances of such abuse are detected. For instance, in several States in the United States there have developed instances where there are agents whose main duty is to ensure that humane laws are enforced. It is these agents who have to be contacted whenever an individual suspects or witnesses instances of animal cruelty so that these cases can be investigated and the perpetrators brought to justice (Beirne, 2011). In addition, it is imperative that all individuals in the society learn that all animals have rights and if their locality does not have Humane Law enforcement agents, then it is their duty to ensure that they report instances of animal abuse to the police. Once this is done, it would be much easier for there to be the prevention of animal cruelty because the involvement of law enforcement would act as a deterrent against those individuals who would normally abuse their animals. Additionally, for those individuals who live in a neighborhood they should ensure that they look out for the animals that live in the said neighborhood. In the circumstances when individuals are made aware of the animals that their neighbors keep, there will be an assurance that they will appreciate and be responsible for the physical health of these animals. As a result, for example, an individual will be able to notice the way an animal behaves; whether it is healthy of whether it has lost any weight. It has been found that the latter condition is normally a sign that the animal is being abused, and this should be reason enough to ensure that the matter is reported to the relevant authorities so that it is investigated. The result might be the possibl e saving of the animal not only from abuse, but also from possible death at the hands of its owner. It is a fact that without the calls that are made to relevant authorities concerning the abuse of animals, the authorities would not be made aware of the problem, hence nothing would be done (Girardi & Pozzulo, 2012). It is therefore the responsibility of all the individuals in the society to ensure that they take the responsibility of reporting animal abuse because it is the right thing to do, despite the possible consequences, such as the loss of friendships. In order to make accurate reports to the relevant authorities, it is important to ensure that individuals keep their eyes and ears open so that they are aware of any instances of animal abuse that take place in their neighborhoods. Concerning individuals who provide information related to animal abuse they should give as accurate, detailed and reliable information as possible so that a thorough investigation can be carried out by the authorities in order to curb the vice. In addition, it is essential for the individuals who are reporting to have a written description of the abuse that they witness so that there can be more accuracy in the report that may be used against the abuser (Peak & Ascione, 2008). Furthermore, it is essential

Journal Article Critique 4293 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journal Article Critique 4293 - Assignment Example However, at the end of the 10 weeks of the study, the two groups had a total of 51 students after 9 of them dropped from the study after moving to other regions. As highlighted, there was a control group and a treatment group, each consisting of 30 students. Both the control group and the treatment group participated in Tier 1 learning instructions, but only the treatment group underwent the special Tier 2 learning instructions. These types of instructions were given for a period of 10 weeks and different measures of their improvement in literacy were used to compare their performance after the 10 week period. The data from such scores was analyzed and interpreted to compare the effect of Tier 2 learning instructions, which was a response-to-intervention model. From the findings, in the scores of the different groups, it emerged that students in the treatment grouped performed better in all the measures compared to those in the control group. Notably, the control group exhibited improvement because of the Tier 1 learning instructions. The study utilized a limited sample size, which was 51 at the end of the 10 weeks, a factor that necessitates an additional study with a larger sample size. The measurement instruments used in the study had limited capacity in assessing some measures identified for the study. The third limitation was that, the study only considered reading level ranges from early first to the level of middle third grade, which has the capacity of introducing a level of variance. This study is a salient example of the effects of adopting an intervention model of learning instructions in a bid to help students with learning disabilities to improve their literacy levels. The authors of this article are impressed by the positive findings that adopting a Tier 2 instruction model can register a difference in the learning ability and literacy levels of students

Billy Budd Sailor Essay Example for Free

Billy Budd Sailor Essay Billy Budd, Sailor, a novel by Herman Melville, at first sight, seems like it is nothing else but the story of a sailor who is executed after being wrongly accused of mutiny. But when one examines the story deeply one finds that the story has a different meaning and that Billy Budd resembles Christ in many ways. Billy Budd as a Christ figure According to the author’s description, Billy Budd, the main protagonist, like Christ was handsome, pure and as innocent as a child in a world full of evil men. He had the same physical features of Christ. Like Christ, he had blue eyes and a symmetrical figure. The resemblance is evident in the first chapter when Captain Graveling, after the crew stopped fighting as soon as Billy joined them, says that Billy neither preached nor said anything to the crew. There was a kind of virtuousness in him that reached out to people. (Melville, 1924) The author here alludes to Christ who was also virtuous and healed all those who came into contact with him. The symbolism is more evident in the end chapters, especially in the scenes of the death of Billy Budd. For instance, Captain Vere cries, â€Å"Struck dead by an angel of God! † (Melville, 1924) after Billy strikes Claggart, and then says, â€Å"Yet the angel must hang†, (Melville, 1924) when he realizes that Billy has to die. Billy, before he dies, says, â€Å"God bless Captain Vere†. (Melville, 1924) All this reminds us of Christ. Christ like Billy in the novel forgave all those who were responsible for his death. The resemblance is all the more evident in the last chapter when Billy is executed. Here the author describes how Billy’s shipmates worship the gallows from which Billy was hung. Christ’s followers too worshipped the Cross. The setting and all the events that take place have a striking resemblance to the events that took place when Christ was executed. In conclusion it can be said that Billy Budd in the novel is not an ordinary sailor but a Christ-like figure, a symbol of Christ with characteristics of Christ. Just as Christ was a victim of an antagonistic society and had to sacrifice his life, Billy Budd too was an innocent victim of society and had to sacrifice his life. References Melville, Herman (1924), Billy Budd, Sailor, The University of Chicago Press, 1962.